Carburetor



Nov. 17, 1925' D. D. BUICK v CARBURETOR Filed June 8, 191 s Patented Nov. 17, 19.25.

DAVID D. BUICK, OF

DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

oennunn'ron.

. I Application flied June 8,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it. known that I, DAVID D. BU1CK,-fl citizenof the United States of America, residin at Detroit, in the county of \Vayne and tate of Michigan, have invented certain new" and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to-the accompanying drawings.

This is an improvement in connection with a carburetor disclosed by my Patent No. 1,162,680, granted November 30, 1915, and besides having the same objects in view disclosed by this patent, my present invention aims to provide a more efficient carburetor that may be characterized in the following particulars.

First, there is a novel damper actuated .and controlled metering pin, which, after the main throttle of the carburetor is closed, permits of sufficient quantity of volatile liquid andfluid commingling to supply an engine with sufficient fuel for idling purposes.

Second, the metering pin of the carburetor is designed and constructed to provide a venturi and an auxiliary needle valve, so that volatile liquids may be drawn through the metering pin to commingle with fluid, such as air, and supply an engine with fuel for various means; the supply of volatile liquid to the metering pin being regulated by the needle ,valve.- The meterin pin is constantly in communication with a supply of fuel and has an apertured head through which airjmay be drawn to transfer fuel from said pin to the engine.

Third, the carburetor is characterized by a novel air intake damper that may be con-,,

trolled by a choke throttle when necessary .to use one, and besides this air intake damper, there is an auxiliary air intake valve disposed and constructedso as to permit of easy access being had to the metering pin for adjusting the needle valve thereof.

Fourth, there are practically three supplies of air for the carburetor, one being constant so that the engine may idle, another being optional 50 that a lean or rich mixturemay be had according to the quality of fuel, and the'remaining source of supply being drawn on as the speed of the engine increases. i

The above are a few of the principal features of the carburetor and others will ap- 1918. Serial No. 238,987.

pear, together'with the advantages derived therefrom as the nature of the present invention is better understood.

Reference 'will now be had ings, wherein' Y e Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View of the carburetor Fig. 2 is a similar view taken at right angles to the section shown m 1* 1g. 1;

buretor;

Fig. 1 1s an enlarged sectional view of a to the draw Fig. 3 is a. plan of a portion of the carportion of the carburetor, taken on the line IV-IV ofFig. l, and v Fig. 5 shows detail views of a damper adapted to form part of the carburetor.

. In describing my invention by aid of the views above referred to, I desire to point. out

that the same are merely illustrative of the carburetor; as now constructed, and I do not care to confine my. invention to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, other than defineC by the appended claims.

' In the drawing, the reference-numeral 1, denotes a carburetor casing providing acarbureti'ng chamber 2, and the bottom of said casing has acentral depending tubular stem 3 with the lower end thereof enlarged and flanged, as at 4, and screwthreaded as at 5, so that a float chamber 6 may be mounted upon the lower end of the stem 3 and be. re-

tained thereon b a nut 7 or other fastenin y a means.

The float chamber 6 engages a closure plate 8, carried by the casing l and this closure plate has one side thereof provided with an enlargement 9. In the enlargement 9 is an air vent 10 for the float chamber and intake ports 11 and 12, the former being controlled by a conventional form of needle valve 13 slidable in the enlargementt) and actuated by a float 14 .within the chamber 6 and pivotally connected to the enlargement 9, as at 15. The port- 12 is adapted to .be connected to a suitable supply of volatile liquids, as gasoline.

The lower end of the stem 8 is closed by a detachable plug 16 and the bore 17 of said stem communicates with the chamber 6 through a port 18. bore 17, below the port.18, constitutes a water well in which water carried in by the fuel may accumulate instead of in the float chamber 6, thus allowing the water to be The lower end of the carried oft insmall quantities, without any danger of a large quantity causing a cessation in the operation of the engine. The stem 3 has a longitudinal port 19 establishing a constant communication between the bottom of the carbureting chamber 2 and the atmosphere, and in the bore 17 of said stem is a bushing 20, for a metering pin 21 that extends into the carbureting chamber of the casing 1. The upper end of the metering pin 21 has a head 22 and one side of the head is'provided-with a lateral slot 23 and the opposite side of the head with an open ing 24, said opening having converging Walls and communicating with the slot so to form a venturi, as best shown in Fig. l. The top of the head 22 has an interiorly V screwthreaded boss 25 for an auxiliary needle valve 26 extending into the slot 23 and movraising and lowering'the meteringpin in,

the bushing 20 there will be a variable supply of gasoline to the carbureting chamber. The tapering grooves 28 permitof a minimum or maximum supply of gasoline to the carbureting chamber and the supply can be proportioned relative to the intake of air and also in proportion to the suction or reduction of atmospheric pressure in the carbureting chamber by raising and loweringthej metering pin 21.

One sideof the casing 1 has an angularly disposed air intake connection 30, preferably rectangular in cross section and projecting from the end of this connection are apertured lugs 31. Pivotall mounted between the lugs 31 by, a pin 32 is a barrel 33 having web portions 34 and said web portions are connected by adamper 35 adapted to practically close the connection 30. The outer end of the damper 35 has a lip 36 adapted to engage the end of the connection 30, and

limit the closing movement of the damper, and the inner end of the damper is bifurcated, as at 37, to embrace the head 22 ot the metering pin 21, and provide side stops 36 to press upon the bottom of the chamber 2 andlimit the closing movement of the damper. In the bifurcation 37 of the damper are bearings 38 extending into the slot 23 of the pin head 22, at the sides of said head. The bifurcated end of the damper is furthermore cut away, as best shown in Fig. 5, so as not to obstruct passage of air to the central portion of the slot aeezneer across the upper end of the port 27 and out" of the opening 24:,

to press-against a crank 43, carried by the barrel 33 of the damper 35, so that when the choke throttle is closed, the damper will be automatically raised and impart asimilar raising movement to the metering pin,-

gradually increasing the area of the orifice at the upper end of the bushing 20 formed by the tapering recess 28. Since the crank 43 is notconnected to the throttle portion 42, the damper may be raised independent of any movement of the throttle- 39.

That side of the carbureting casing l, opposite the air intake connection 30, has a manifold connection 44 provided with the usual and well known type of throttle 45. The shaft 46 of the throttle has the outer end thereof provided with a lever 47 and said lever has crank portions 48 and 49, the latter provided with a set screw 50. The crank portions 48 and 49am adapted to press against a lug 51 carried by a tubular valve body 52 above the carbureting chamher 2. The valve body 52 is ported, as at 53, and'rotatable therein and on the valve body, (is a ported cap 54 adapted to establish communication between the valve body 52 and the atmosphere.

The cap 54 is provided with a handle 55 so that said cap may berotated upon the I valve body and retaining said cap on the valve body is a yoke 56 havinga central depression 57 engaging in a recess 58 centrally of the top of the cap. The periphery of the cap is cut away to provide shoulders 59 andthese shoulders are adapted to engage the lug 51 and limitthe rotative movement of said cap and thus define theopen and closed positions of said cap relative to the valve Ccnsidering the operation'of the carburetor, I will assume that the mainthrottle 45 is almost closed, with engine idling Under such circumstances, the damper 35 is closed except for a small passage beneath thethrottle and the air admitted to the carbureting chamber 2 is either received through the port 19 of the stem-3, through the valve body 52, or a small quantity passing under the damper 35, but principally from the port 19. In either instance, the suction or reduction of atmospheric pressure within the carbureting chamber is such as to maintain a column of gasoline in the port 27 and a draft of air through the slot 23 and the opening 24 the head 32, causes a suflicientquantity' of gasoline to be Withdrawn to sustain combustion within the cylinders of by opening the main throttle 4:5 and by an 'ing chamber therein and nicate with the atmosphere, a float chamber an engine for idling purposes.-

When increasing the speed of the engine advancing the spark the suction on the upper face of the damper 85 'withiii the carbureting chamber 2, is suificient to raise the damper T 35 and consequently the metering pin articulated therewith This operation is facilitated by an inrush of air at the port 19 and assing under the damper and through t e connection 30. vAs the metering pin is elevated the grooves 28 thereof are brought into communication with the carbureting chamber and conseqpently there is an additional and gradually increasing supply of gasoline/to said chamber, the supply increasing as the metering pinis elevated and maximum speed is reached It is through the medium ofthe adjustable cap lean or rich admixture of gasoline and air may be obtained, and when the choke throttle 39 is employed it is possible to reduce the supply pr air to the carbureting chamber and *maintain a full supply" of gasoline thereto, thus obtaining an exceedingly rich mixture. I

What I claim is 1. A carburetor casing having a carburetadapted to commuconstantly in communication with the carbureting chamber and adapted to provide a constant supply'of volatile fluid for engine idling purposes, a metering pin establishing communication between, the-float chamber and the carbureting chamber and having a groove in the wall thereof establishing an additional communication between said float chamber andasaid carburetor chamber for veriable speeds of an engine, and means carried by said metering pin causing air to travel transversely of the direction of the flow of'fuel to lift the fuel from said metering pin.

2. In a carburetor, a carbureting chamber having an' air intake connection and a lateral fuel outlet connection, a float chamber adapted to supply volatile liquid to said carbureting chamber, a metering pin constantly in communication with said float chamber so from the port 27 5e that, a*

,said carbureting chamber having a port consta ntly in communication with said float.

chamber, a head carried by said metering pin provided with. 'a, transverse venturi adapted to -remove SllifiClGnt volat le liquid from the port of said metering pin to main- 'tain idling of an engine, and automatically actuated means engaging said head adapted to raise said-pin. i

45. In a carburetor,

carbureting chamber having an air intake connection and a fuel outlet connection, a

float chamber,a'metering pinconstantly in communication with the 'float chamber and said carbureting chamberand having a Venturi passage transversely in the upper end thereof, a needle valve extending into the Venturi passage of said pin, and a damper fer the air intake connect on of said carbureting chamber, said damper having bearthe combination; of a ings in the upper end of said metering pin so that said pin and damper may be simultaneously adjusted; i r .7 5. In a carburetor, the combination of a carbureting chamber having an air intake connection and a fuel outlet oonnectioma f float chamber, a hollow metering pinconstantly' in communication with said float chamber and said carbureting chamber and having a Venturi passage transversely of ti e upper end thereof, a needle valve extending into theqV'enturi passage of said pin, a damper at the outer end of the air intake connection of said carbureting chamber and connected to said metering pin so as to move in synchronism therewith, and a choke throttle adapted to press aga nst said damper and cause-said damper to shift said metering pin. 7

stem in said float chamber communicating therewith and having an air port open to the atmosphere and into said casing, said stem havinga water well in the lower end thereof belowan'd in communicationwith said float chamber,fa metering pin in said stein establishing communication between said stem and said casing, and a damper in said casing connected to said pin and positioned above the air port of said pin so that Y an increased velocity of air through said port "tends to open said damper and raise said metering pin. I

7. A carburetor comprising a'casing hav- 6. A carburetor comprising a casin a afloat chamber below said casing, a tubular ing a side fuel outlet and an air port con-" =stantly in communicationfwith the atmosphere a metering pin constantly in communication with a supply 'of fuel and extending into said casing, ahead on said metering pin having a transverseropening supplied with fuel from said' pin and with air from said air port so that air will'pass through said head in a direction'at approximately a right angle to the fuel emitted by charge for engine idling purposes, a metermetering the metering pin and cause the "fuel and ing a side fuel outlet and an air portconstantly in communication witlnthe atmos phere, a meteringpin constantly in 'c'ommunication with' a supplyof fuel and ex tending into said casing, a headon said metering pin ha -ing a trau'verse opening supplied with fuel from said pin and with air fromsaid air port so that fuel and air may be drawn from said head, a needle valve vLcarried by said head adapted to restrict only the transverse opening therethrough, means adapted for adjusting said metering pin, and a detachable valve above said metering pin adapted to supply air to said casing and permit of said needle valve being adjusted.

9. A carburetor casin havin a carbureting chamber therein and adapted to communicatc with the atmosphere, a fioatchamber constantly in communication with the carbureting chamber and adapted toprochannel.

'12. A carburetor casing having a car-.

vide a constant supply offuel content of the ing pin establishing communication between the float chamber and the carbureting chamber and having means-1n the wall thereof establishing an additional communication 7 between saidfloat chamber and said carburetor chamber for variable speeds of an engine, and means carriedv 'by said metering pin causing anto travel transversely of the direction of flow of fuel to lift fuel from said metering pin.

10. A carburetor casing having a car-' bureting chamber therein and adapted to communicate with the atmosphere, a float chamber adapted to supply the fuel content of the charge for the engine, a meteringpin operative in the delivery of such fuel supply to the earbureting chamber and formed to provide for and permit constant com-' munication between the chambers and to provide additional communication therebetween by movements of the pin, said addi-, tional communication being inactive during periods of engine idling and made active duming variable speed conditions of the ngine, and means carried by the metering pin for causing air to travel transversely of the direction of flow of fuel to lift fuel from said metering pin.

11. A carburetor casing having a carbureting chamber therein and adapted to communicate with theatmosphere, a float flow transversely of the direction of fuel.

flow to the outlet of such communication bureting chamber therein and adapted to :communicate with the atmosphere, a float chamber adapted to supply the fuel content of the charge for the engine, a metering pin operative in the delivery of such fuel con; tent to the carbureting chamber and formjeol to provide a channel of constant communication between the chambers and to provide additional communication therebetween in presence of pin movements, said additional communication leading from said channel and being inactive during periods of engine idling and made active during variable speed conditions of the engine, and means carried by and permanently positioned With respect tothe channel of constant communication of the pin and operative to cause air flow-transversely of the direction of fuel flow to the chamber outlet to, such channel.

Intestimony whereof I afiix my signature.

DAVID D. BUICKs. 

